New Delhi: Amid the rapidly growing computing demands of artificial intelligence, SpaceX has put forward a proposal that could fundamentally redefine how and where data centres operate. The company has outlined plans to deploy around one million solar-powered satellites in space, designed to function as AI data centres. Instead of being controlled from Earth, this network would enable AI computing directly from space, eliminating traditional constraints such as land availability, water usage and power supply.
According to the proposal, the satellites would rely entirely on solar energy and deliver large-scale high-performance computing capacity. SpaceX argues that the enormous electricity and cooling requirements needed to train and run advanced AI models could be met far more efficiently in space using uninterrupted solar power. This has drawn attention at a time when data centres on Earth are increasingly criticised for their environmental footprint.
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Application before FCC, approval far from certain
To move ahead with the project, SpaceX has submitted an application to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). However, regulatory approval is unlikely to be straightforward. While the FCC has recently cleared the launch of a limited number of new satellites, large-scale deployment continues to face restrictions and scrutiny. Industry experts believe the proposed figure of one million satellites may represent an opening bid, with the actual rollout likely to happen in carefully regulated phases.
Musk’s larger vision: towards a Kardashev-II civilisation
SpaceX founder Elon Musk views the project not merely as a technological leap, but as a step towards the next stage of human civilisation. In its submission, the company refers to the concept of a Kardashev Type II civilisation—one capable of harnessing most of the energy output of its star. Musk has repeatedly argued that tapping the vast energy resources of space is essential if humanity is to become a truly multi-planetary species.
Beyond Starlink
Until now, SpaceX’s primary focus in orbit has been the Starlink constellation, aimed at providing global internet connectivity. The new proposal goes significantly further, positioning space itself as the backbone of future AI infrastructure. If realised, it could ease the global shortage of computing power and make energy-intensive AI models cheaper and more sustainable to operate.
Space debris and collision risks
The most serious concern surrounding the plan is space debris. Thousands of active satellites already orbit Earth, and collision risks are rising. Adding hundreds of thousands—or potentially millions—more objects could severely complicate space traffic management. Experts warn that without strict regulations, robust debris-mitigation systems and advanced tracking technologies, the risk of cascading collisions could increase dramatically.
A test of technology, environment and policy
While SpaceX’s proposal promises to reshape the future of AI and energy use, it also presents a major test for regulatory frameworks, international cooperation and environmental safeguards. Decisions taken by the FCC and other global stakeholders in the coming months will determine whether this ambitious vision can move from concept to reality.
If approved, the plan could transform space from a domain of communication and exploration into the world’s largest hub for AI data centres—a shift with profound implications for both technology and human civilisation.
About the author — Suvedita Nath is a science student with a growing interest in cybercrime and digital safety. She writes on online activity, cyber threats, and technology-driven risks. Her work focuses on clarity, accuracy, and public awareness.
